Monday, September 30, 2019

Managers vs Leaders

MANAGEMENT 100 Using examples, compare and contrast the characteristics of both managers and leaders. There is a lot of confusion, or at least very different views, about what is meant by management and what is meant by leadership, about whether the work of managers is fundamentally different from the work of leaders, and whether they are in fact different roles at all. Of course the meaning of such ambiguous words will depend on the definition people choose to give those words, and there are many authors who use management and leadership interchangeably while there are other authors who stipulate very separate definitions for each.As Summarized by Professor Warren Bennis, â€Å"Management is getting people to do what needs to be done. Leadership is getting people to want to do what needs to be done† (Bennis 1989). Whilst managers have the authority to make people get work done, leaders will inspire, motivate and mentor people in to getting this work done. Many managers have n ot yet mastered the interpersonal skills needed in order to have good leadership skills. (The Talent Management Experts, 2007). â€Å"Leadership occurs through the use of influence, not the use of force† (Naddafpour, 2012). Jim Clemmer’s idea is that â€Å"we manage things and we lead people† (Clemmer 2012).Management is said to focus more on work. We manage physical assets such as money, paperwork, equipment, etc. Management tends to maintain focus on Fayols four functions of Planning, Organising, controlling, and leading. (Waddell, Jones and George 2011) They also problem solve, cope with complexity, budget and make effective decisions. Whereas Leadership focuses on people and how they are mentored. Leaders will typically create vision and set a direction to promote change and develop strategies to inspire, innovate and motivate people, forming relationships and creating teamwork (Future Visions. n. d. ).Typically these are the general definitions given by mos t authors however everyone has their own ideas about the work that each does. In a Harvard Business Review Classic article, Zaleznik (1992, 15) observed that managerial culture emphasizes rationality, order and control, and that a manager is a problem solver. He went on to suggest that leadership requires very different skills and behaviours more similar to an artist, that leaders tolerate chaos and lack of structure, they are creative and concerned with transformation. Zaleznik argued that the development of a leader is very different to that of a manager.In so doing Zaleznik not only proposes that leadership work is indeed different from management work but also that managers and leaders are different roles and different people. In another Harvard Business Review article entitled â€Å"What Leaders really Do† Kotter (2001, 85) writes that management and leadership are â€Å"two distinctive and complementary systems of action†¦. Both are necessary for success in an inc reasingly complex and volatile business environment. † For Kotter, management is about coping with complexity, about creating order and stability. In contrast, leadership is about coping with change.He uses a military analogy: a peacetime army is about administration and management with good leadership only necessary at the top, whereas in wartime people must be led into battle by leaders at all levels. Kotter elaborates that management is about planning and budgeting whereas leadership is about setting direction, management is about organizing and staffing whereas leadership is about aligning people, and finally management is about controlling and problem solving whereas leadership requires motivating and inspiring. Kotter describes the commonly parroted list of differences between what leaders do and managers do.It is probably more accurately a description of management behaviours/work and leadership behaviours/work than a distinction between â€Å"managers† and †Å"leaders†. In truth many managers do much leadership work, and many leaders do much management work, so it the distinction between roles is a bit artificial, but it is true there are different types of work. The commonly held distinction between manager and leader is perhaps summed up well by Hickman (1990, 7): â€Å"The words ‘manager’ and ‘leader’ are metaphors representing two opposite ends of a continuum. Manager’ tends to signify the more analytical, structured, controlled, deliberate, and orderly end of the continuum, while ‘leader’ tends to occupy the more experimental, visionary, flexible, uncontrolled, and creative end. †¦ I like to think of the prototypical manager as the person who brings the thoughts of the mind to bear on the daily organisational problems. † In contrast the leader brings the feelings of the soul to bear on those same problems†¦. The mind represents the analytical, calculating, structu ring, and ordering side of tasks and organisations.The soul, on the other hand, represents the visionary, passionate, creative, and flexible side. † Jacques and Clement (1994, 19) suggest that the separation of manager from leader has â€Å"reinforced the modern day tendency to debase the idea of the managerial role. † They say it is an unrealistic and incorrect separation. Instead managers have leadership accountabilities, and to be a good manager one also needs to demonstrate good leadership. Being a â€Å"good boss† is not about simply relying on hierarchical authority but about setting purpose and getting people to move in the direction of that achieving that purpose.Similarly McDonald, Burke and Stewart (2006, 79) lament that leader is used in a positive manner suggesting charisma and vision, and â€Å"doing the right thing†, whereas manager is used in a somewhat demeaning fashion to mean rule following, concerned with efficiency, â€Å"doing things right†. They argue that this is a misleading dichotomy. Instead they argue that all managers are leaders in the sense that they lead people, that being a manager entails doing leadership work (as well as doing other management work such as planning, budgeting, etc. ). On the other hand not all leaders are necessarily managers.The leadership quality of a manager reflects their ability â€Å"to create a productive culture through social process†. In all it is believed by some that to be a good manager you need to be a good leader but to be a good leader you do not need to be a manager (Webster, 2012). But can you really point to one individual person and say â€Å"they are a manager but not a leader† and to another and say â€Å"they are a leader but not a manager†. The two are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Which is why some authors actually talk about â€Å"managerial leadership†! So what does all this add up to?Certainly there are different vi ews about whether managers and leaders are the same or different roles/people. It is perhaps a false dichotomy or at least not useful in so far as there are many many people with the job title of â€Å"Manager† but for whom a good deal of their work is leadership work. However most authors do agree that there is a set of characteristics/skills/values/behaviours which can clearly be defined as leadership attributes, and the exercise of these attributes is identifiable as leadership work and it is indeed distinct from the planning, controlling, budgeting, reporting work of a manager. ReferencesBennis, W. 1989. On becoming a leader. London: Hutchinson Business Books. Clemmer, J. 2012. Management vs. Leadership. http://www. jimclemmer. com/management-vs. -leadership. php (accessed May 14, 2012). Future Visions. n. d. Leader Vs Manager. http://www. futurevisions. org/ldr_mgr. htm (accessed May 14, 2012). Hickman, C. R. 1990. Mind of a Manager- Soul of a Leader. Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jaques, E. , and S. D. Clement. 1994. Executive Leadership: A Practical Guide to Managing Complexity. Arlington: Cason Hall & Co Kotter, J. P. 2001. What Leaders Really Do. Harvard Business Review, December: 85.Macdonald, I. , C. Burke and K. Stewart. 2006. Systems Leadership: Creating Positive Organisation. England: Gower Publishing Limited. Naddafpour, Ali. (2012). Chapter 11: Leadership and Influence Processes. Lecture notes. Retrieved from College of the Canyons Website: http://www. canyons. edu/Faculty /naddafpoura/Bus110/Bus110Ch11Sum. htm (accessed May 14, 2012). The Talent Management Experts. 2007. Business Impact Leadership [Brochure]. Sydney: Development Dimensions International Inc. Waddell, D. , G. R. Jones, and J. M. George. 2011. Contemporary Management. 2nd ed. North Ryde, NSW: McGraw-Hill Webster, A. 2012.Comparison of Management and Leadership. http://www. ehow. com/info_7758884_comparison-management-leadership. html (accessed May 14, 2012). Zaleznik, A . 1992. Managers and Leaders: Are they Different. Harvard Business Review, March: 15. http://hbr. org/1992/03/managers-and-leaders-are-they-different/ar/1 (accessed May 14, 2012). | SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENTAssignment COVER SHEET| Your Name/s| SHARNI TIETZEL| Student No/s| 14859351| Unit Name| Management 100| Unit Index No. | 10848| TUTOR’S Name| MARTIN TURNBULL| TUTORIAL Day/Time/Class| EXTERNAL| Assignment Title (where applicable)| INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT| | Don’t forget to date stamp| 18/05/2012|Students comments to Lecturer/Tutor (if any)| | | | Please read the following and sign where indicatedDECLARATION: I/We declare the attached assignment is my/our own work and has not previously been submitted for assessment. This work complies with Curtin University of Technology rules concerning plagiarism and copyright. [Refer to www. policies. curtin. edu. au/documents/unit_outlines_plagiarism_state. doc for plagiarism and copyright information. ] I/We have retained a copy of th is assignment for my own records. Signed: SHARNI TIETZEL| THIS SECTION IS TO BE COMPLETED BY LECTURER/TUTOR: COMMENTS TO STUDENT| | | | | | | | Recorded Mark| | Lecturer| | Date| | ASSESSMENT 2 RESPONSE SHEET – Individual Essay Students need to use both in-text referencing and build a reference list. Students must use 8 sources of reference – fewer than this will result in a ‘fail’ grade. | | Mark| Research * A range of sources used * Detail and relevance of research * Originality of sources/approach * Overall depth and quality of research| /20| Content * Effective introduction * Body of essay- clear discussion that remains focused on the topic * Conclusion – restatement of purpose, summary of major findings, synthesis of argument. /20| Analysis * Critical analysis (Developing an argument or a point of view) * Overall depth and quality of analysis| /30| References * Minimum reference requirements met * References used to support arguments and ideas * Correct CHICAGO Version 16 style * All references cited in-text| /20| Academic writing * Grammar * Writing is clear and concise * Sentence structure * Paragraph structure * Spelling * Use of third person voice * Overall academic style| /10| General Comments: (in particular what the participant would need to do to get a higher mark and what has been done well) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Sunday, September 29, 2019

It Architecture St Guide 1844582

Which statement best describes the relationship between Oracle Reference Architecture (ROR) and the Oracle products? A. ROR describes the architecture built in to the Oracle products. B. ROR describes the architecture underlying the Oracle Fusion Applications. C. ROR describes a product-agnostic architecture and then maps the Oracle products onto the architecture. D. ROR describes an architecture that is exclusively based on Oracle products. Topic 3: Application InfrastructureExplain Introduction Oracle Reference Architecture application infrastructure Describe Distributed Computing Concepts Describe Grid Computing Capabilities and Architectural Concepts Describe Cloud Computing Capabilities and Architectural Concepts Describe Fertilization and how it plays a key role in the foundation infrastructure Describe the role of Containers in the Application Infrastructure Management capabilities and how caching plays an integral role Create the Product Mapping View to map Oracle products to the application infrastructure layers Describe Data Practitioner ROR Application Infrastructure FoundationSample Questions 1 . Select the most appropriate reason why three-tier architecture is a better architectural choice than simple Client-Server architecture for complex enterprise applications. A. Three-tier architecture uses three threads to run the applications, so performance is better. B. Three-tier architecture uses a tiered approach to separate the processing of business logic, data, and presentation.This allows the tiers to be independently scaled to maximize the investment. C. Three-tier architecture combines presentation, business logic, and data processing into a single layer to eliminate network latencies. D. Three-tier architecture moves all processing to the client, thereby reducing the load on the server. 2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Cloud computing? A. Multi-tenancy b. Elastic scaling c. Pay-for-use pricing d. Annual provisioning Topic 4: S ecurity Describe Security Describe Application Security Describe Data Security Describe User Security Explain Common Security Strategies Describe Security Concepts and Capabilities Describe Common Security Standards Describe a Conceptual Architecture View of the Security layer Describe the Logical Architecture View of the Security layer Create the Product Mapping View to indemnify he Oracle products that map to Security layers ROR security 1.There are a number of ways to classify applications in order to assess business risks and assign appropriate security policies. Which of the following is not described as a primary meaner to classify an application? A. By the user community it serves, such as HER, finance, all employees, general public, and so on b. By the information it handles, such as classified information, personal information, publicly available information, and so on c. Y business criticality, such as revenue-generating applications versus informational applications d. By technology and/or vendor, such as . NET versus Java, and so on e. By the applicability of existing laws and regulations pertaining to privacy, auditing, and access control 2. Audit logging is a form of what type of access control mechanism? A. Detective control b. Preventive control c. Deterrent control d. Corrective control e. Compensating control f. Covers control Topic 5: Engineering Review Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering, asset-centric engineering and related standards Describe Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering Concepts and Capabilities Describe the Conceptual Architecture View model for Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering ND the capabilities required for an engineering infrastructure Use Logical Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering Architecture View components of the engineering environment and show how they are connected to each other Describe the Deployment Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering View packaging and deployment related aspects of Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering Create the Product Mapping View to show how Oracle products fit on to the logical model to realize the engineering infrastructure Describe Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering basic best practices ROR Software Engineering ROR Engineered Systems 1 . You are developing an integration component that uses customer data. The source system defines customer data in a different format than expected. Which of the following options best describes how you would develop the component? A. Create an object representation of customer data and use it in the component. B. Externalities the data transformation by mapping the source data format to a canonical data format. C. The data formats are different, so it is not possible to develop the component. D. Write the data from the source system into a database and read it back in the expected format.Topic 6: Integration Explain Service-oriented integration ND how this differs from more traditional integra tion approaches Describe principles that should be met by any architecture that purports to support a Service-oriented approach to integration Create Logical Architecture View components of the Information Management environment Describe Development View of Service-oriented Integration Describe Process View of Service-oriented Integration Create the Product Mapping View to illustrate how Oracle products can be used to realize the architecture Use Service-oriented Integration's integration patterns and message exchange patterns to identify best approaches or integration scenarios ROR Service-oriented Integration 1 . Which statement best describes the relationship between the Service-oriented Integration (SO') architecture and the Application Integration Architecture (AI) product from Oracle? A. AI is a product-specific implementation of the OSI architecture. B. AI is a traditional Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) architecture; therefore AI does not follow the OSI architecture . C. AI is an Oracle product that maps to some of the layers and capabilities defined by the OSI architecture. D.AI is one of many Oracle products that maps onto the OSI architecture. . Which statement best describes how Service-oriented Integration (SO') differs from traditional Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)? A. OSI is Just like EAI except that a service bus is used instead of a hub or message bus. B. OSI is different than hub-based EAI, but is the same as EAI using a message bus. C. OSI uses a point-to-point integration approach based on the Web Services industry standards. D. OSI uses SO Services that are separate and distinct from the applications being integrated. E. EAI integrates applications whereas SO integrates SO Services. Parties. 2012 Oracle Corporation – Proprietary an Confidential Topic 7: Management and Monitoring Explain Management and Visibility Gap Describe Common Management and Monitoring Standards Describe Key Management and Monitoring Capabili ties Describe Conceptual View model for Management and Monitoring and the capabilities required for a Management and Monitoring infrastructure Identify the Logic View components of the Management and Monitoring environment Create the Product Mapping View to illustrate how Oracle products can be used to realize the architecture Describe how the Deployment View defines how Oracle products might be deployed to physical hardware ROR Management and Monitoring 1 . Which of the following are capabilities provided by the Monitoring Engine within the Logical view of the Management and Monitoring architecture? A. Resource Monitor b. System Monitor c. Collection Monitor d. Service Monitor 2. When mapping Oracle Products onto the Logical view, what is the best approach? A. Utilize management packs, connectors, and plug-ins to create a customized product mapping for the Logical view. B.Use Oracle Enterprise Manager to provide core capabilities required by the three layers for Oracle stack, and u se management packs, connectors, and plug-ins for non- Oracle stack. C. Use an Oracle Enterprise Manager product to provide all the capabilities required by the three layers in the Management and Monitoring architecture. D. Use a third-party to provide all capabilities required by the three layers in the Management and Monitoring architecture. Parties. 0 2012 Oracle Corporation – Proprietary and Confidential Topic 8: Service Orientation Explain the fundamental concepts of the Oracle Reference Architecture Describe how Definition of a Service provides an unambiguous definition of Service Oriented Architecture Service used as a building block with a Service Oriented ArchitectureDescribe how Combining Technology Perspectives defines how different Enterprise Technology Strategies can be combined by following the foundational concepts of Oracle Reference Architecture ROR Service Orientation 1 . The Oracle Reference Architecture (ROR) includes the concept of Technology Perspectives . Which statements are true concerning ROR and Technology Perspectives? A. Each Technology Perspective focuses on a particular set of products and technology. B. A Technology Perspective includes both reference architecture views as well as practical guidance and approaches for successfully implementing he changes required to embrace the products and technology. C. The Technology Perspectives can be used individually or in combinations, for example, SO with Bal. D. The Technology Perspectives can be used individually or in combinations.When used in combinations, the SO Technology Perspective must be included . E. Each Technology Perspective is part of ROR and is part of an Enterprise Technology Strategy; I. E. A Technology Perspective is the connection between ROR and an Enterprise Technology Strategy. 2. Which of the following are examples of the management and visibility gap between he traditionally monitored IT infrastructure resources and the Services? A. On-going Shift to Move to an Agile Shared Service Computing Environment b. On- going Shift to Manage IT from an End-User Experience Perspective c. Loosening of Corporate Policies and Regulations d. Increasing Number of Heterogeneous IT Infrastructure Components to Manage e.Complex Distributed Environments Requiring Access to Consolidated Information Topic 9: User Interaction Explain Oracle Reference Architecture User Interaction and how this differs from more traditional user interface approaches Describe the Principles that should be met by any architecture that purports to support modern user interfaces Describe Industry Standards that are of particular relevance to a user Interface Architecture Identify the Logical Architecture View components of the Information Management environment and show how they are connected to each other Describe the Development View of User Interaction Describe the Process View of User Interaction Describe the Deployment View of User Interaction ROR User Interaction 1 . A cus tomer with an existing Webster portal wants to expand his client device list

Saturday, September 28, 2019

The Origin of the Universe Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Origin of the Universe - Research Paper Example Not only is it difficult to figure out how a whole universe could appear from nothing, but also no plausible explanation for the mechanism of the explosion itself springs to mind. The only known force in nature capable of affecting the universe as a whole is gravity. Gravity is, however, an attractive force, whereas the explosion requires a repulsive force. The mystery of the explosion lies in the first fraction of a second of the life of the universe. At such early times, the universe was in a state of incredibly high temperature and density, a situation so foreign to laboratory conditions that it is impossible to extrapolate known physics to that realm. The cause of the explosion is shrouded in the extreme conditions of the very early universe. For a while cosmology treated the existence of the universe as a given and concentrated on the consequences of the explosion rather than its cause. In the course of the scientific step-by-step reconstruction of the chronology of the universe , a number of puzzling paradoxes surfaced, of which two are of interest here. The first deals with the strength of the explosion. The push of the Bang was exquisitely well fine-tuned, allowing for the existence of a universe with galaxies, stars, planets, and life. Any other push would have meant either a structureless universe or a universe collapsing back onto itself after a brief existence. Why was the Bang so well engineered? The second paradox deals with the large-scale properties of the universe. The extreme large-scale smoothness of the temperature and of the density of matter cannot be explained by the standard Big Bang model. No known physical process can account for it. What is the origin of this conspiracy? Is our universe very peculiar, that is, did it just start this way by sheer luck -- in the scientific jargon, with very special initial conditions -- or are there mechanisms that can account for the fine-tuned push of the explosion and for the smoothness of the univers e? Two diametrically opposite schools of thought have addressed these paradoxes. The proponents of the so-called anthropic principle state that if the universe were not so fine-tuned, there could be no life in it, and we humans would not be there to witness it. Although this statement is correct, it does not attempt to resolve the paradoxes in terms of physical mechanisms, but relegates them to the status of special initial conditions. In other words, that is the way the universe started because if it had not, we would not be there to witness it. The other school of thought has refused to accept special initial conditions but rather has searched for mechanisms that could account for the observed peculiarities. It is the purpose of this essay to present and to discuss some of the latest models advanced by the second school. The Big Bang When Einstein applied his newly created theory of General Relativity to the universe, he discovered to his dismay that the universe was not static as everybody, including himself, liked to believe at that time. His universe was either contracting or expanding. Rather than exploring the consequences of his findings, Einstein introduced an ad-hoc term into his equation that he called the cosmological term. The cosmological ter

Friday, September 27, 2019

Women Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women Rights - Research Paper Example Before 1877, it was unthinkable for a woman to leave her house and cater to issues concerning work or politics. Women’s roles were strictly those of taking care of their families at home. It has taken along battle characterized with hard work and determination for the women of today to enjoy the same rights as men. Since the beginning of the contemporary world, a woman has had a unique role in society: that of being a source of human life. Nonetheless, historically, women have been seen as inferior to men, intellectually, physically, sexually, and otherwise. In addition, women are always associated with evil and temptation, a notion possibly derived from the biblical scriptures of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. For instance, early Roman laws viewed women as children, while the Greek mythology suggests that it was a woman (Pandora) who brought unhappiness and plague to humankind by opening the forbidden box1. Before 1800s, women could not own property, vote, get equal educ ation as men, or get involved in political issues. Some of the early female philosophers include Olympe de Gouges with the publication ‘declaration of women rights’ protesting against the failure of revolutionists in mentioning women in their declaration of human rights. There was Margret Fuller, a female reporter who wrote the article ‘Women in the Nineteenth century’ around 1845. The leader of women rights in America, Elizabeth Candy Stanton, was a major figure in the women rights movement. In addition, there was also Charlotte Perkins Gilham, Clara Barton among others2. The first known women rights movement began in 13, July 18483. A tea conversation between Elizabeth Candy Stanton and other four women friends turned to women issues, with emphasis on women’s roles in the American Revolution and their then lack of freedom4. This afternoon conversation was the first group of women fighting for their rights, and the first to organize specific, extens ive programs that called for review of women rights in America. Two days after the formation of the small group, they had set a date for their first convention. The location of choice was the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls, setting the date to 19 and 20, July 1848. The Seneca County Courier carried the announcement for the convention. This was the first ever-public meeting of its king in western civilization. According to these women, they were patriotic members of the society trying to share the ideas that would improve the new republic by heeding the promise of providing a more egalitarian life for all its citizens. As the women were preparing and waiting for the first convention, Elizabeth Candy Stanton was applying the Declaration of Independence framework to design the â€Å"Declaration of Sentiments† for the women rights movement. In complete resemblance to the important American symbol of liberty, Stanton was able to connect the Declaration of Independence to the figh t for women’s rights. Stanton’s draft carefully listed a number of areas where women were most treated unjustly, eighteen in number. The words that Stanton used to express women grievances were strong words expressing large grievances but nonetheless filling the American atmosphere with the hope of a bright future for women. The two days convention began on July 19, 1848, and was successful. The discussions at the convention resulted in several major endorsements of the declarations of sentiments and twelve resolutions with a few amendments. Among the resolutions were the rights to equal laws, and equal job and education opportunities. The only two resolutions that failed to pass were the women’s right to vote in elections and their enfranchisement. Despite their grievances and achievements on the convention,

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Marketing strategies of the Big Four U.K. banks Case Study

Marketing strategies of the Big Four U.K. banks - Case Study Example The analysis results are summarised in Table 2. HSBC, as the biggest bank in the group, would want to stay in the lead, even widen it by increasing its customers, so the ad campaign would reflect a strategy to accomplish such, using the tagline "The World's Local Bank" to communicate the bank's credentials and highlight its expertise to give customers what they want. Striking images that generate opposite sentiments allow its advertisements to emphasise HSBC's knowledge of customers' intimate details, sending the message that the bank knows what they want. This is based on the recognition that each person may see the same thing in different ways because each one is unique. Emphasising its knowledge of different cultures where the bank operates, HSBC shows that it retains a local touch, appealing to customers to trust the bank. Gaining the customer's trust is important because the bank is a repository of something of value to the customer's present and future: wealth. The bank has to look trustworthy, competent, but daring. HSBC's recent change to the "What's Your Point of View" campaign relies on customer-generated content to extend and reinforce its previous message in a way that is consistent with the assumption that in a world increasing in sameness, customers are tired of the same things and are looking for something new, and that being new and different creates the potential to discover new experiences that could make the customer rich in their humanity. Associating the knowledge of other cultures with personal growth, HSBC sends the message that its familiarity with the unique, the unexpected, diversity and uncertainty is a quality that helps the bank grow the customer's wealth. The bank's consistent use of "The World's Local Bank" and the single, unified, and easily recognisable global brand represented by the red and white hexagon logo reveals HSBC's core marketing strategy, which is to make the bank the preferred choice for every customer, retaining what they have and encouraging potential customers to give HSBC a try. HBOS: Always Giving You Extra Halifax Bank of Scotland (HBOS) is playing catch up with HSBC and would want to distance itself from its Scottish cousin, the Royal Bank of Scotland. As can be seen from Table 1, HBOS is not as profitable as RBS, so it would design a marketing strategy that would allow it to get closer to HSBC and make it more profitable than RBS. This means increasing its customer base and revenues, and finding a way to get more profits out of each. HBOS does this uniquely, using its staff - colleagues as the bank calls them - to sell products in print and TV ads. For years, HBOS has been running singing auditions amongst its back office and front line colleagues to choose a "Star Colleague" to appear in their ads. Behind such a marketing strategy are two messages HBOS wants to send. First, that the bank has a "human" touch, that its people are extra special and possess an X-factor (playing on the bank's logo) that makes them go to extraordinary lengths for their customers. Second, building on this human and personal connection makes it easier to cross-sell other products and services. The first brings in the customers, whilst the second brings in the profits because as Reicheld (1994) argued, increasing customer loyalty can

Uzbekistan Insurance Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Uzbekistan Insurance Company - Case Study Example "However a person may also be interested in his former wife/husband where ties of affection and care continue to exist" 3 The fact that Vicky called Dave to set right the faulty wiring even after their divorce would prove that there existed cordial relationship between them signifying existence of insurable interest. However as a matter of abundant precaution, it is advised that confidential enquires must be made rule out the remote chances of Dave's intention to kill her in a seemingly accidental fire due to faulty wiring, before settling his claim. Secondly Dave's claim for the damage to the house due to the fire can not be entertained for the following reasons. The fire policy is a contract of indemnity unlike a life policy. In contract of indemnity, insurable interest must be present both at the time of conclusion of contract as well as at the time of occurrence of the insured event. In this case, because of the confirmed ownership of the house in Vicky's name and because of their divorce, Dave did not have insurable interest on Vicky's life. Further because his wiring was faulty and his negligence contributed to the loss and even if he had had insurable interest, he is not eligible for claim on the damage to the house. The second case is regarding Brian who dies while surfing apparently due to drowning confirmed by the presence of water in the lungs in post mortem. The fact that he over-exerted himself while jogging can be attributed as a contributory negligence and hence the claim of his lawyers for 20, 000 need not be settled provided there are provisions in the personal accident policy to that effect."An injured person's failure to exercise due care, which along... Uzbekistan Insurance Company Three questions arise for considering the claims of Dave: 1) Whether he has insurable interest on Vicky’s life even after their divorce 2) Whether death of Vicky was caused by his evil design under the pretext of accidental fire and 3) Whether he has insurable interest on the house and whether his negligence in wiring disqualifies him from making the claim. The second case of Brian need not be settled because of his contributory negligence though his lawyers can claim for relief due to comparative negligence. The third case of Heather's death due to hospital's ineffective cleaning though she had been admitted due to allergy which she had not disclosed in the proposal, her husband's can be settled at higher premium rate with proportionately reduced sum assured since it would be too harsh to reject the claim on two counts. One even if she had stated the allergic condition, only higher premium would have applied and two, the death was not due to allergy. The second case is regarding Brian who dies while surfing apparently due to drowning confirmed by the presence of water in the lungs in post mortem. The fact that he over-exerted himself while jogging can be attributed as a contributory negligence and hence the claim of his lawyers for â‚ ¤ 20, 000 need not be settled provided there are provisions in the personal accident policy to that effect.†An injured person's failure to exercise due care, which along with another person's (the defendant's) negligence, contributed to the injury.

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

The History of the Blue Hen Chicken Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of the Blue Hen Chicken - Essay Example Ben Botkin (1938) stated, every group bound together or by common interests and purposes, whether educated or uneducated, rural or urban, possesses a body of traditions which may be called its folklore. Into these traditions enter many elements, individuals, popular, and even â€Å"literary,† but all are absorbed and assimilated through repetition and variation into a pattern which has value and continuity for the group as a whole. (New York Folklore Society, 2009) Knowledge, information, inspirations and traditions are transferred to people through sharing and informal exchange of ideas and stories. Folklores symbolize the identity and meaning of a certain culture and the past exchange of such information. Delmarva has got rich culture and past giving rise to numerous folklores and legends. Delmarva is a large peninsula located on the East Coast of United States of America. It is occupied by Delaware and portions of Virginia and Maryland. Delaware is divided into three counties; New Castle in north, Sussex in south and Kent in center of Delaware. General Assembly of Delaware officially adopted â€Å"Blue Hen Chicken† as state bird on 14th April 1939.Historical events of Delaware are associated with blue hen chicken during Revolutionary War which gave them an edge over other esthetically beautiful birds, for example, scarlet Cardinal. Before its adoption as state bird, it was unofficially used as a symbol in campaigning for political reasons. Now, the University of Delaware mascot is modeled after this bird and also recognized as YoUDee. The state bird, Blue hen, is a breed of rooster with blue feathers. However, only about half of the chickens have blue feathers, others may have black or white. It is a local and not very recognized breed as it goes back to the pioneers of Delaware. University of Delaware arranges organized breeding for them and has for its mascot the Fighting Blue Hens (Howard, 2007). In some cases, it is

Monday, September 23, 2019

Module 6; Team Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Module 6; Team Leader - Essay Example In the absence of wise and effective leadership, teams could exhibit rudderless behavior due to lack of purpose and direction. Nevertheless, there are specific styles and characteristics of leadership that favor the optimal functionality of teams (Sohmen, 2013). Similarly, teamwork cannot exist in the absence of reliable and favorable leadership. For optimal organizational performance, teamwork and leadership must be coordinated and balanced. If I were in charge at my own organization, I would watch out for both negative and positive behaviors where I would work on eliminating the negatives and further strengthening the positive behaviors. The positive behaviors include belief where the employees believe that they have the capacity to meet the predetermined goals, focus in that the employees have understood the direction and that they show unified focus when working, and motivation where the employees are showing the need to succeed (Sohmen, 2013). The potential negative behaviors would include competing factions among the team where members of a certain group are extremely passionate concerning their selected viewpoints as well as other behaviors that include lack of direction, belief and motivation. Identifying such behaviors would ensure that the leader has a picture of what is going on in the organization, which would help them in determining the next course of action. Measuring team behavior is a challenging issue and requires appropriate skills to accomplish. To measure team behavior in my organization, I would first assess their contribution to the organization’s goals. If the team has been fulfilling its tasks as required and within the provided period, then the behavior of the team is good. However, if the opposite is true, then the team requires additional input. I would also assess their communication while they are working on a project. If the team is constantly arguing and conflicting over the

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Lifestyle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lifestyle - Essay Example The Spanish way of life is to work hard and party harder which is living it up as we would call it. This reflects in the people of Spain who as studies have shown are a happy crowd, where the people are content without having to extend their daily life to fit in more than is necessary. The weather can be one of the reasons for this laid back lifestyle that has become a part of their culture. It becomes quite difficult to work in the sweltering heat which is why life usually starts after the sun goes down in summer. Everything about Spain would spell holiday for someone who is not used to the culture. The music, dance and food are vibrant and can keep you on a high for as long as you are on a holiday. It could be contagious and make people wish for more. The country itself has an endearing history and background which entices people to leave their homes for this lifetime entertainment. Of course for a person who is from a hi-tech city and one who lives to work would be taken by surprise by the Spanish lifestyle. The amazing family ties which are quite enviable are one of the advantages of the Spanish culture. Children are brought up in a well knit family and are usually the focal point of attention. This is what is lacking in the outside world today where the parents do not have the time to devote to their children. Whereas in Spain time spent with the family is considered of utmost importance and then comes work and pleasure. Invariable the lifestyle becomes healthier and contended. Spain’s culture and society helps you build stronger communal ties and excellent social skills. You cannot help but become friendly in nature unless you want to be the sore thumb in the society where the people are open minded fun loving and friendly and chatting up with someone on the way is a casual occurrence. You have the chance to develop other talents that you

Saturday, September 21, 2019

Another Kind of Racism Essay Example for Free

Another Kind of Racism Essay Racism is a disease. Spread by not only words and actions but by silence and inaction. In two stories presented in different media – a novel and a movie—racism is spread by people who feel they are not racists, but who do nothing to prevent and stop racism. The reality is that it is easy to pretend racism doesn’t exist, yet everyone practices it in some way. Those who know racism is wrong and do nothing are the â€Å"perpetrators† of racism. They allow the disease to cling to a group and spread like sending a sick toddler to preschool; touching everything and everyone, infecting all. In T. C. Boyle’s book Tortilla Curtain, racism is present throughout the book – enough to exhaust the reader. In the movie Crash, racism is one element of a complex plot. They teach the reader similar, compatible lessons. The character Delaney from the book and the Cameron from Crash both are used to depict stereotypical persons who claim to fight racism, stereotyping, and discrimination, yet when faced with a situation when it is directed toward them or someone near to them they allow racism to happen as if nothing was wrong. Following these people are dying morals and blind humanity. Delany is a white, affluent, born on the East Coast; he now lives in Los Angeles. Living in a â€Å"gated community† had insulated him from the poverty that surrounded the very edges of the walls of exclusive neighborhood. During community meetings he does not want to discuss the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants; he prefers to focus on the coyote attacks. Until the accident he did not know his life would cross paths with an Illegal Immigrant. He had seen them only in the parking lots where they waited looking for work. He claims to not be a racist, to not be biased, and to not stereotype individuals at these meetings. As he claims this, his car hits a Mexican named Candido. Delaney soothes his conscience by giving Candido $20 blood money, explaining to his wife Kyra that Hes a Mexican. Delaney actions suggest that Mexicans are not â€Å"people.† More than 50 years earlier John Steinbeck’s characters in the book The Grapes of Wrath phrase the issue much of the same way, â€Å"They ain’t human. A human being wouldn’t live like they do. A human being couldn’t stand it to be so dirty and miserable.† Delaney prefers to pretend as if the Mexicans didn’t exist, as the alternative is showing how he feels insecure and threatened by them. This is same way the character of the Hollywood Director Cameron in the same movie allows racism and harassment to occur in front of him to his own wife. He allows her to be violated by a racist white cop. After his wife gets molested, instead of standing up against the cop and protecting his wife; he grovels and thanks the cop for not giving him a ticket, â€Å"Look, were sorry, and we would appreciate if you would just let us go with a warning, please.† (Crash, 2004). Delaney and Cameron are hypocrites being perpetrated from both ends of the spectrum; they represent individuals directly affected by racism who fail to respond in a way that causes it to cease, and those indirectly causing the racism to occur and spread. In the movie Crash this is shown by Cameron feeling cornered and lashing out against those around him; in Tortilla Curtain it is shown when the main character gives up fighting against the walls and letting those around him decide for him what is right and wrong. By their silence they allow the racism to perpetuate around them. Individuals like those portrayed in these scenarios run the risk of causing an unending cycle of racism and bigotry that will not stop until someone stands up against it. Their fear feeds those around them. In Crash Cameron is confronted by fellow worker asking about an African American actor. â€Å"This is gonna sound strange, but is Jamal seeing a speech coach or something?This is weird for a white guy to say, but have you noticed hes talking a lot less black lately?† And the answer is, â€Å"No, I havent noticed that.† At first the character stands up to the â€Å"racist† questioner but in the end he gives up, he ignores why Jamal hasn’t been â€Å"sounding Black† and goes on acting as if the words had not been said. In the same way after a canyon fire is set accidently by Candido in Tortilla Curtain; Delaney attacks a Mexican man who is being questioned by the police. Delaney looked round at his neighbors, their faces drained and white, fists clenched, ready to go anywhere, do anything, seething with it, spoiling for it, a mob. They were out here in the night, outside the walls, forced out of their shells, and there was nothing to restrain them.† (The Tortilla Curtain, 289) This occurs immediately after Delaney has attacked the handcuffed Josà © Navidad, arrested under suspicion of starting the fire. Delaney’s furious, uncontrolled actions and unexplainable anger towards the Mexicans has incited a full-on riot, with the evacuated residents of Arroyo Blanco ready to attack anything and anyone. The idea of the wall comes up in both movies, with whites being forced outside their walls, and their comfort zones. The results are frightening. The white citizens of the town have abandoned their ordered ways, Delaney has even abandoning his self-imposed rules; he has indulged in alcohol. All have become more like the uninhibited immigrants they dislike and fear. In Crash the audience sees the hatred and racism feed on itself when two suspicious black men attack the District Attorney after complaining about racism towards them. The wife goes off on a rant after the attack and says many racial slurs and insults the locksmith. Her anger spills over into her husband who starts ranting as well. â€Å"Why did these guys have to be black? I mean, why?† (Crash, 2004). Like a disease, racism and hatred spreads from person to person impregnating their souls with bigotry and a blind sense of what is right. In the end both characters lose sight of what is right. More concerned about themselves than how their actions affect those around them. Their arrogance in thinking that they are above the racism and bigotry has significant consequences. The infectious nature of racism in individuals who are intelligent, and who have power and influence, is the real danger. Their thinking is infectious, and once these thoughts are inside someone’s head they don’t leave. It is especially dangerous when these individuals are opinion leaders. These are characters in fiction, but in the real world, people like Delaney and Cameron should not be tolerated. They cause the spread of racism, creating an unending circle of pain and grief for everyone they touch and a wider circle touched by those whom they have touched. Works Cited: Crash. Dir. Paul Haggins. Perf. Don Cheadle and Sandra Bullock. Warner Brothers, 2004. DVD. Frenken, Wiltrud, Angela Luz, and Brigitte Prischtt. T.C. Boyle: The Tortilla Curtain. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2007. Print. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Viking, 1939. Print.

Friday, September 20, 2019

Sociolinguistics as a Way of Adjustment in Conversation

Sociolinguistics as a Way of Adjustment in Conversation INTRODUCTION This study is aiming to examine how different strategies and processes are used in sociolinguistics as a way of adjustment of the writers manner of address in relation to his or her perception of the addressee. This is a complex process of change within the dynamics of conversation and writing. (Giles/Powesland 1975). It is often said that convergence seems to be the rule in media language. For instance, phonological features in radio broadcasting showed that presenters use measurably more informal pronunciations in stations which primarily address lower class, less educated, and younger listeners (Bell 1991. Ch.6). As far as newspapers are concerned, the followed classic hypothesis of convergence has been made by S. Hall, who claims that there is a reciprocity of producer/reader, what he called the public idiom of the media. However, this does not mean that the readers actually speak what they read or listen to, but there is evidence to suggest that a convergence takes place and that each paper makes its own convergence toward what it sees as a mode of discourse acceptable to its readership (Hall 1978,61). BACKGROUND RESEARCH Bell (1991.cb 6) has carried out research into determiner deletion; that being words found within the English Language that (which produces phrases like superstar Cher, newsagents manager Martin Gilbert, Defence Secretary Michael Portillo (all from The Sun, January 6, 1996). Several studies show that the deletion of articles in such phrases distinguishes tabloids from broadsheet British Newspapers. These are correlations with assumed class and education and the deletion seems to imply modernity, populism, and journalistic raciness. -Medienwissenschaft: ein Handbuch zur Entwicklung der Medien un Kommunikations formen Joaquin-FÃ ©lix, Hans-Wemer Ludwig) (Media Science: A manual for the development of the media and communication forms) Ryden (1975) and Bell (1985) both investigate the use of noun phrase name appositions in newspapers language and in particular the spread of phrases like Opposition leader Neil Knock with descriptive noun phrase appositive without a determiner preceding the name. This format is relatively recent and is in Britain largely but not entirely restricted to the two categories of tabloid papers -Social Stylistics: Syntactic variation in British Newspapers Andreas H. Jucker- The influence of the reader in newspaper style is supported by the research carried out by Bell (1991) and Jucker (1989). Bell (1991: 107-108), in his studies on naming expressions, states that this practice was more common in papers like The Sun, The Mirror, The Express than in The telegraph, The Guardian and The Times. The deletions were found in greater numbers in papers catering for lower socio-economic classes. After studying the deletion of determiners Jucker (1989) divided British newspapers into three categories below. He found that determiners were deleted more often in Down markets papers than in Midmarket papers, while there were very few deletions in style with a certain type of reader. Using this information Jucker (1989) divides British newspapers into three categories: Up market: The Times, Financial Times, Guardian, Independent, Daily telegraph Midmarket: Daily Mail, Daily Express, Today Down-market: Daily Mirror, Star, Sun. The writers mentioned in this section all maintain that TABLOIDS and BROADSHEETS are different in almost every way. -A Genre Approach to Re-Entry Patterns in Editorials BARRY PENNOCK Methodology Many considerations were taken in terms of which method would be best to use in order to carry out the investigation into the use of determiners in the media. The first decision that had to be made was which branch of the media would be used as a source for the study. The options ranged from television programs, magazines, internet websites, radio and newspapers. The choice of newspapers was made based primarily on access to previous research, mentioned in the Background Research section of this report. The fact that a similar study had been carried out by Bell et al in the comparison of determiner usage between the different types of newspaper gave a good basis on which to base our own study. Added to this is the intrigue of whether the results obtained will have a similar outcome to those obtained by these linguists twenty years ago. The next step was to realise that in order to study determiners, a content analysis was the only possible method that could be used. It was also the same method used by Bell et al. in their study. However there are many advantages and disadvantages of using this process that led to many limitations to the practical side of the study. It is fairly time consuming which can often limit the researcher to a smaller sample than a less time consuming method. The chance for a margin of error is increased particularly if relational analysis is used. This study does require a level of relational analysis, that being the assumption of what by todays standard of English counts as a missing determiner and what does not; which limits the validity of the results, especially if the intention is to directly compare the results found by Bell et al. It is also difficult to computerize and therefore the results obtained have to be manually automated which adds to the total time consumption that using a digital content analysis could perhaps have avoided. Our study therefore began firstly by selecting a number of different newspapers to compare. This was done by initially selecting an equal number of British papers that are considered heavyweight[1] newspapers, i.e. The Times, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph, and an equal number of tabloid or middle-market[2] newspapers such as The Daily Mail and the redtops,[3] such as The Sun and The Daily Star. The six papers aforementioned were picked from those available from the University Shop on campus, with each category of newspaper represented and to be used in comparison with each other. They were then grouped into the retrospective classes: Group 1 included The Times, The Daily Telegraph and The Guardian; Group 2 included The Sun, The Daily Mail and The Daily Star. Our hypothesis, that fewer determiners will be deleted from the papers in Group 1 than the amount deleted from Group 2, was then decided upon. On the other hand there are many advantages to using content analysis such as the fact that it can combine quantitative and qualitative operations through the ability to see clearly the context of the deletion or inclusion. This method also has very few ethical issues as it is available to the public and no permission is needed in order to access it. It is also a very unobtrusive means of analysing the use of the English Language. It is also reliable as this study has been done before and can be repeated by the same or other researchers. After the newspapers were selected the specific details of how this content analysis would be carried out was then agreed upon. It was decided that two articles would be analysed from each of the six papers; one regarding a political subject and the other focussing on sport. This was done in order to firstly observe if there was any difference between the uses of determiners between the papers and then secondly if there was a difference within the different papers when the subject matter was different. It was clear that in order to increase the validity of this research the newspapers analysed would have to all be taken from the same date and then the articles chosen were to be about the same topic within politics and sport. The newspapers were therefore collected for analysis on the 6th May 2010 and the similar stories of the day in the two subject areas were then analysed. It was decided that the headlines and tag lines of all the articles would be included in the study. However it was recognised that headlines in general tend to have determiner deletions as standard. After the articles were selected the exact process of working out the determiner deletion was decided upon. Firstly the article word length was counted and recorded, then the entire article was analysed and all the determiners within the article were highlighted and totalled. Then a second analysis of each article was carried out in order to locate where the determiners were missing in accordance with Standard English practice.[4] These would again be totalled and recorded in a spread sheet where the number of determiners which have been deleted would be calculated as a percentage of the total determiners that could have been used in the entire article. Although every measure has been taken to improve the reliability, validity and practical issues posed by any method of research, this study is not without its limitations. Firstly not all the variables can be controlled. Firstly, the sex of the journalist whom had written each article is not being taken into account. This means that the results obtained could be reduced in validity, due to the fact that gender could have an influence over the amount of determiners used within the articles. In a similar vein, the age of the journalist is also unknown, which could similarly have an impact upon the amount of determiners used or deleted. It is also a fairly subjective study and it is likely that some determiner deletions could be overlooked depending upon the researcher carrying out the study. In order to improve this limitation the same person shall be carrying out the content analysis on each of the papers. Due to the time consuming nature of this method as aforementioned the sample si ze had to be kept quite small to three newspapers of the two different categories. This reduces the representativeness of the study as not all newspapers have been analysed therefore it is probably unlikely that any generalisations can be made from this study only suggestions.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Forrest Gump Essay -- Movie Film Forrest Gump Essays

Forrest Gump â€Å"Life is like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.† Forrest Gump is the portrayal of a man that has been alienated from society, not because he is unintelligent or dimwitted, but rather because he is not restricted by the conventional ideals which are embedded within his culture; thus, Forrest challenges the conformities and principals that most people are accustomed to. The contrast that Robert Zemeckis, director of the film, is attempting to convey through the character of Forrest Gump is how most people are too smart for there own good; and thus, try to escape the realities and actualities of life. While other characters in the story are suppressed by society’s conflicts, Forrest remains blinded to all; hence, he is able to live in the moment, rather than evading what is real. Forrest’s unique selflessness and compelled nature to do what is right, as opposed to what is easy, are what our society incorrectly labels stupidity o r futility. Zemeckis is obviously pointing out that an individual has no control over his or her own destiny and in order to live a noble life, must accept life as it is. I think it is very appropriate that Zemeckis begins his movie with the scene in which he does. Approaching Forrest’s worn out and dirty shoes with a fluid camera shot of a feather floating on the breeze foregrounds the entire movie. It is an obvious symbol for Forrrest and the way he just casually makes his way through the worst of times without being harmed. The feather is many years old and has been through so much, yet it still remains clean and pure; exactly like Gump. Moreover, the coloring of the feather is very significant. It is white with black marks, giving off a inkling that there might be a union of bad experiences with innocence. Zemeckis challenges the viewer to examine why Gump is able to remain so pure, and at the same time surpassing the restrictions of society and its controversies. Gump is able, throughout his entire life to remain as we all are as children. To Gump, it doesn’t make sense to break a promise, or give only ninety percent. Such an irony is carried throughout the entire film. Gump, thought by most to be incapable of succeeding, does great things, and moreover; he helps those who would, in our society, be thought more likely to be helping him. The viewers, through Gump’s misunderstandings of l... ...nt feather continues to float and so will that lost innocence. Even though Forrest Gump appears as such a simpleton, he is very complex. He had a way of looking at people, incidents, history, animals, and nature in ways that no one had ever quite seen the world before. The movie is so influential because Forrest is a little of everyone, or at least a little of what everyone wishes they can be. What I took away from this movie, as does most of the audience, is that life is a mystery that, until revealed in its entirety, doesn’t make much sense. However, it is not something to be scared from or run from, but rather something to be interested in and to be accepted. The audience accepts Gump as a character, but more importantly, they accept his way of life, just like Lieutenant Dan and Jenny did. Robert Zemeckis is well known for his concoctions of pop culture references, period nostalgia, comedy, and romance that captured the hearts of the film going public. He, in ways that not many others can do, is able to convey his ideas about life in a humorous manner that lets the audience accept it. That is why the movie was so successful and why it was the recipient of such high awards.

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

The Cuban Identity: truly their own? Essay -- US Foreign Policy

The Cuban Identity: truly their own? The United States became involved with Cuba's independence struggle with Spain because they had a keen interest in extending their power into offshore colonies. Cuba's sugar trade was a valuable commodity and served as another interest for the United States intervention in the war against Spain in 1898. Although the war had started three years prior to the United States' declaration of war on Spain, they began to exert their influence and power over the colony by infusing a government structured by appointees of President William McKinley. These authorities created the interim Cuban government as a subset of the United States and the politics and social structures of which resembled the United States rather than focusing on a Cuban specific structure. They created a government based on democracy which then drew from the social structure of Cubans of different color voting for positions within this government. Their structure of the Cuban system was strikingly similar to chang es that were being undertaken in Louisiana at the time and Cuba was a secondary location to exert similar practices. McKinley appointed General John Brooke to be the first military governor in 1899 and Brooke had been known for protecting the liberties of black voters in the United States (Scott 155). As Brooke was a foreigner, a few of his policies went under fire from local politicians because he should not have the authority to decree rulings about cultural aspects. His debacle with the determination of acquired property possession during the war included a wishy-washy stance that some Cubans felt was a "threat to the social order" (181). This caused concern and unrest amongst the Cubans because it se... ...worth for the United States because the military governments attempted to create another US rather than adopting their strategies for a completely different culture and lifestyle. The political structure was initially stressed by Brooke and later Wood would develop a class system that did not suit the Cuban's culture. These governors were vessels to impart the United States' methods for politics and social status and as it became harder to do, the US slowly backed out of supporting the cause for colonization. Although the States were not successful creating either a US or Cuban national structure, their support during wartime allowed the Cubans to eventually enjoy their new freedom from Spain and create their independent culture. Works Cited Scott, Rebecca J. Degrees of Freedom: Louisiana and Cuba after Slavery. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap of Harvard UP, 2005. Print.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

The American Banking System from 1800-1810 Essay -- Banks Finances Mon

The American Banking System from 1800-1810 Looking back to the outset of the 19th century, it is impossible to say that any real banking system had really been developed in the US. This is to say that, though there were roughly 120 private commercial banks that had been chartered by new state governments, the so-called system was scarcely organized. It was ad hoc in nature and directly linked to the merchant banking practices of the pre-independence period. The years preceding the turn of the century were important because they brought a central banking authority onto the scene. In 1789 the new federal government established a position for the Secretary of the Treasury. As we know, the first to hold this prestigious title was Alexander Hamilton. He accomplished a great deal in the 11 years leading up to the year 1800. Most notably his actions were largely responsible for the creation of the First Bank of the United States, which was given a charter in 1791. This thrust towards central banking was only to last 20 years, howeve r. Up for review in 1811, the bank’s charter was not renewed. This paper will argue that the failure to renew the First Bank of the United State’s charter was a direct result of the strong ideological differences between state centered and federalist politics. Many were very skeptical about a strong centralized banking system, while others believed that the only way to create unity in the country was through a highly focused central banking system. Despite the relative efficiency of the First Bank of the United States, and despite the fact that it is widely considered to be a success by economic historians, the general suspicion of banking led to its demise. In other words, this paper will argue that the 1800-1810 period was one of exhaustive tension between centralists and de-centralists. This had important and lasting effects on the banking system, the most obvious being that, in the following century, state banks proliferated to the point where they were chartered with abandon. As John K. Galbraith noted, â€Å"every location large e nough to have a church, a tavern, or a blacksmith shop was deemed a suitable place for setting up a bank. These banks issued notes, and other, more surprising enterprises, imitating the banks, did likewise. Even barbers and bartenders competed with banks in this respect† (Flaherty, 1997: http://odur.let... ...institution, and based on the bitter conflicts between Madison and Hamilton over state vs. federal power, the bank itself became politicized. As state-led forces increased their popularity, it is wholly unsurprising that the First Bank of the US was one of the first things to go. References DeCarolis, Lisa Marie. The Precipice of Power (accessed 12-12-99) Del Mar, Alexander. â€Å"History Of Monetary Systems: Chapter XVII: Bank Suspension Since The Era Of Private Coinage† History of the World, 01-01-1992 Foner, Eric., Garraty, John A (eds) â€Å"Banking† The Reader’s Companion to American History, Houghton Mifflin: New York, 1991., pg. 191 Flaherty, Edward. 1997. A Brief History of Banking in the United States (accessed 12-12-99) â€Å"James Madison Debates the Constitutionality of a National Bank† (accessed 12-12-99)

Most Important Mnemonics for Step 2 Cs

HISTORY & PHYSICAL EXAMINATION HPI (history of present illness) ALL CASES: OPD CSF AAA PAIN: OPD CSF LIQR AAA OPD CSF ABCDO FLUIDS: (Vomiting, Diarrhea, constipation, cough, vaginal discharge) O Onset of the symptom + precipitating factors P Progression D Duration C Constant /Intermittent S Settings F Frequency L Location of the symptom (forehead, wrist†¦ ) I Intensity of the symptom (scale 1-10, 6/10) Q Quality of symptom..BCDSPP(burning,Cramping,dull,Sharp,pulsating,pressure like) R Radiation of the symptom ( to left shoulder and arm) A Associated symptoms ( palpitations, shortness of breath) A Alleviating factors (sitting with my chest on my knees) A Aggravating factors (effort, smoking, large meals) A Amount B Blood C Color C Consistency C Content D Duration O Odor UG Hx: OPD-CSF-AAA + FINISH PUBC F Frequency (How frequent do u have to pass urine? ) I Incontinence (Do u have trouble holding Ux until u get to BR? ) N Nocturia ( do u have 2 wake up @ Night to go to BR? I Incom plete emptying (do u feel fullness even after Ux) S Stream (How is ur flow of urine? is it cont. or is there any dribbling after Ux? ) Strain (Do u have to strain during Ux) Stone (have u passed stones in the past? ) H Hematuria (did u notice any blood), Hesitancy (do u have 2 wait b4 starting Ux) P Pyuria (was there any pus in ur Ux? ) U Urgency (do u have 2 rush to BR to Ux? ) B Burning (dysuria) (does it burn) C COLOR 1 [email  protected] com PMH (past medical history) PAM HUGS FOSS P Previous presence of the symptom (same CC), Past Medical problems (^BP, ^BS,U , idney prob. Rhinitis,Sinusitis, sthma,) A Allergies (drugs, foods, chemicals, dust †¦ ) M Medicines (R U taking any prescription medications/any over-the-counter med. ), H Hospitalization for any illness in the past (Trauma, surgery) U Urinary changes ( esp if diabetic, elderly†¦ ) G Gastrointestinal complains (diet changes, bowel movements†¦ ) S Sleep pattern(difficulties falling/maintain asleep,wake up ,snoring,med. to help sleep, how many hour, nightmares) F Family history (similar chief complaints/serious illness)/ Fevers, Chills/ Fatigue O OB/GYN history (LMP, abortions, para†¦ LMP RTV CS PAP S Sexual habits (active/preferences/STD/no. of partners/contraception/pregnancy/ last pap smear) Q 1. â€Å"Mr. John, Are you Sexually Active? † Q 2. â€Å"How Many Partners are you active with? † Q 3. â€Å"Are your partners male or female or both? † [Unless the SP says wife or husband in Q 2] Q 4. â€Å"Do you use protection during intercourse? † Q 5. If yes in Q. 4 â€Å"What kind of protection do you use? † Q 6. Ask about anal intercourse in male homosexuals Q 7. h/o STD's; Rx for STD's S Social Hx (job/house/smoking/alcohol/recreational drugs/†¦.. ) WAD SAD TOES Social Hx WAD SAD TOESW Weight A Appetite D Diet S Smoke (cigarettes, marijuana, how much, how many years) A Alcohol (what type of alcohol, how often, how much ,consider doing CAGE question. ) D recreational Drugs (what drug, how do you use it, any IV drug use? ) T Travel /Trauma O Occupation (what do you do for living? ) E Exercise S Stress HEADACHE OPD CSF LIQRAA + DIAGRAM Head trauma/Seizure/Weak,Numb Tears / visual changes Flu Vomit/ Speech Neck stiffness 2 [email  protected] com Ped Hx (Child with fever) CUB FEVERS + PAM IF BIG DEALS-T C Colds-runny nose,cough,chest pain, fast respirations,SOB-CRYâ€Å"how is ‘cry of ‘baby? U Urination-increased or decreased urination, # of diapers, any odour, colour of urine Ulcers in mouth B Bowel changes: Diarrhea-frequency, onset, mucus/pus/blood in stool, any crying during defecation Discharge Q’s (ABCD-O: Amount, Blood, Content, Consistency, Color, Constant/Intermittent, Duration, Odor/Onset) F Fever & chills E Ear pulling V Vomiting E Ear/eye discharge, Ear hearing, Eye vision R Rash S Seizure-any jerky movements, which part of body? Any leakage of urine or stool during fits, and postictal irr itability or loss of consciousness. Stress (bet wet, DM) P Past medical/Past surgical Hx / Previous Hospitalizations.A Allergies, effect on child/parents (bet wet, DM), Activities M Medications, Menstruating (female child >10yo) I Ill contacts F family history B Birth Hx I Immunizations G Growth n development, ht, wt, milestones SSC-WTD: S(1), S(6),C(9),W(12),T(15), D(30) smile, sit, crawl, walk, talk, dress wks: 1,6,9,12,15,30 D Day care / Difficult swallowing E Eating habits, feeding of baby A Appetite L Look of the baby or appearance, Last check-up S Sleep T Travel recently Premenopause : H Hot flashes A Atrophy of vagina D Dryness of vagina O Osteoporosis (council) C Coronary artery disease HADOC [email  protected] com ObGyn Hx : LMP RTV CS PAP L LMP (when was ur LMP? ) M Menarchae (how old were u when u had ur 1st period? P Period (how many days ur period last? ) R Reglarity ( R ur periods regular? ) T Tampoons (how many pads do u use in a heavy day? ) V Vaginal DID: discharg e, itching , dryness (have u ever had any vag discharge? ABCDO. do u have any vag. Itching? ) C Cramps (Dysmenorrhea) do u have abd cramp with ur period? S Spotting ( intermenstrual / post coital ) have u ever bled (. ) ur cycles?Did u ever notice any bleeding after intercourse? P Pregnency ( Hx & complications) have u ever been pregnant? How many times? A Abortion/miscarriage (Any miscarriages or abortions? In ? month of ur pregnancy? ) P PAP smear(have u been getting regular PAP sm ? when did u have the last PAP sm ) (any Female>50 yo:ask about:1-R u taking vit D & Ca,2-have u ever tried HRT? ) If suspect abuse SAFE GARDS S Safety inquiry (Do you feel safe at home? ), Sex ever forced? A Alcohol abuse (does your hubby abuses alchol? ), Attacked Children?F Friends/Family who are aware( Dos any1 f ur friend/Fam know of this) Fractures (Abuse ever resulted in fractures? ) E Emergency plan (u have emergency plan? ), Ever tried to leave/divorce? why not? G Guns at home (are there any we apons @ home? Attacked with it? ) A Afraid of husband R Relationships with husband (how is ur relationship with husband? do you feel Threatened when he is around? For how long? D Depression (lost wt/appetite/sleep), Drugs (does husband use recreational drugs) S Suicidal (idea/plan/attempt) (ever felt like ending it all up? ) 4 [email  protected] com Diabetic pt â€Å"FU/Med Refill† D Duration of disease I Insulin regimen/ oral hypoglyemics regimen A A1c hg -> Gluc. monitoring (fast, home, HgA1c) B Blurry vision (retinopathy) E Extremity (foot ulcer/infection T Tingling/numbness (neuropathy) I Infections (resp/urinary) C Cardio Risk Factors (HTN, CHOL, Heart disease) Counseling DM & HTN M Medications (regularity) E Exercise ( for obese/sedentary life styles) D Diet Modification( Salt/Fatty foods) O Opthalmoscopic exams (annual routine) W Weight Management (/control) S Sugar Check upsDIABETIC MEDOWS Neuro cases â€Å"LOC† P Palpitations A Aura â€Å"b4 problem† S Shaking (duration) S Spinning/ lightheaded B Bladder incontinence / Bowel incontinence L Loss of consciousness (duration) T Tongue biting/ tinnitus & hearing loss S Speech difficulties/ Sleep disturbance A Ataxia â€Å"gait† N Numbness/nausea & vomit D Difficulty breathing W Weakness I Injury (trauma) & fall C Confusion after the event / Visual disturbance H Headache PASS BLT SANDWICH -And to make sure you got it completely don't forget the MinMental Stat.Exam 5 [email  protected] com MINI MENTAL O Orientation X3 â€Å" time, place, persons† R Registration â€Å"I’m going to say 3 objects†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ then repeat A Attention â€Å"spell world backwards† R Recall what were those 3 items again? L Language â€Å"Repeat after me.. â€Å"No, ifs, ands, or buts† 2 Identify two objects â€Å"what is this.. pen.. and this†¦ paper† 3 Obey 3 commands â€Å"take a piece of paper, fold in ? , put on floor† R â€Å"Read 3 commands on this paper and do what it says† W Write a sentence D Draw, copy the image ORARL23RWDForgetfulness/ Memory Loss / Dementia/ Alzheimer’s FORGETS HIM + DEATH SHAFT F FAINTING / Flashes/ FHx of Alzheimer 0 ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION R RUNNING URINE â€Å"INCONTINENCE† G GAIT E EYE[VISION] T TRAUMA, TINGLING S STRENGTH,SEIZURES H HEADACHE I INFECTION [SYPHILIS, MENINGITIS] M MOOD ADL – Activities of daily living D Dressing E Eating A Ambulation (can you find your way thru home) T Toiletry (do you manage your toiletry unassisted) H Hygiene IADL – Instrumental activities of daily living S Shopping H Housekeeping A Accounting F Food prep (do u do your cooking ) T Transportation (do you drive? How is your sight, hearing? 6 [email  protected] com Foot / Heel / Knee / Back pain OPD-CSF-LIQORAAA +WET SURF-D -‘CIS’ W Work /Weakness / Walking habits /Wt loss E Eye infection redness T Trauma to foot /Tingling& Numbness / Tender S Stifness in other join ts/leg Swelling /long Standing hours/morning Stiff/sound U Urethral discharge /ulcer R Rash/ Redness of skin of joint F Fever & chills& night sweat D Deformity / Dysurea IN CASE OF BACK PAIN ADD: CIS; Cancer Hx /IV DRUGS/ Steroids 4 long time Depression: (Psychiatric Hx Checklist) SIGME CAPS DHAT +2 (+MMSE: ORAL23RWD) S Sleep (difficulties falling/maintain asleep, wake up, snoring, med. o help sleep, how many hours, nightmares), Stress, Support I Interest, What do you do in your free time? How are you doing in your job? do you enjoy what you do? G Guilty M Mood. ( anxious, sad, hopeless, lonely? Memory problems E Energy C Concentration A Appetite, changes in your Weight P Psychomotor agitation/retardation (do you feel easily agitated or angry/do u feel not to do anything? ) S Suicide: thoughts, plan, attempts(do u have pills/guns @ home? D Delusions/Drugs H Hallucinations/Hopes A Attitude towards life (positive negative frame of mind) T Thyroid dysfunctions (ABCD HV for HYPOTHYROID) also need to ask : Do u realize that u have problem ? Do u want help? ( if patient was sent or asked by anyone to consult doc ) HYPOTHYROID APPETITE BOWEL-constipation COLD INTOLERANCE DEPRESSION HAIR FALL VOICE-Hoarseness 7 [email  protected] com ABCD HV Hearing loss: P Pain D Discharge F FB I Imbalance N Noise R Ringing S Spinning T Trauma Dx ABD Signs PDF IN RST CKMG MIOR (MIOR assoc. ith Appendicitis) C Cullen $- periumbilical discoloration (Retroperitoneal He,pancreatitis, AAA rupture) K Kehr $ –sever Lt. Shoulder pain- Splenic rupture, ectopic pregnancy M Muphy’s $- Abrupt interruption of inspiration on palp of RUQ- acute cholecystitis G Gray-Turner $, Discoloration of flank (same as Cullen $) M Mc Burney’s $- Tenderness 2/3 from ASIS to Rt of umbilicus I Iliopsoas $, Hyperextention of R hip Cx ABD pain O Obturator $- Internal rotation of flexed R hip Cx ABD pain R Rovsing $- RLQ pain upon palpation of LLQ DDNasuea & Vomiting A Anorexia M Metabolic( DKA )/Meds O Obstruction (pyloric /Intestinal) P Pregnancy I Inflammation( Pyelo/Cholecysto/Appi/Pancreas/PID) N Neurological (BETA)= Bleed/Encephalitis/Tumor/Abscess G Gastroenteritis A MOPING 8 [email  protected] com Cranial Nerves: 2 optic 3 4 6 5 7 Oculomotor Trochlear Abducent Trigeminal -Test visual acuity -Test pupillary reflexes (direct) -Test accommodation reflexes -Assess pupillary reactions to light -Assess corneal reflection -Perform H-test for EOM -Sensory: close eyes,touch face where? Motor: Assess strength of muscles of mastication;bite down and palpate masseter Ask patient to; -smile -wrinkle forehead, -blow out cheeks -close eyes -whisper, -Weber -Rinne tests Assess movements of the soft palate; swallow and palpate neck Assess strength of trapezius & sternocleidomastoid muscles; -shrug shoulders up -move neck to side against resistance Ask patient to protrude tongue (assess for fasciculation, atrophy & Deviations) -stick your tongue up -move it side to side facial 8 V estibulocochlear 10 vagus 11 accessory 12 hypoglossal 9 [email  protected] com – Mr. ? – Good morning Mr. , I am Dr. Khalil, an attending physician in this hospital. SHAKE HANDS First I’ll ask u few Qs. and do brief physical exam. Meanwhile if u have any Qs, feel free to ask me, ok? – Let me make u more comfortable DRAP PT. – I’ll be sitting & writing some notes while we’re talking, is that ok? †¦THANK U. – Please tell me what brought u in today Mr. ? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. – I. C. , can u tell me more about †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. â€Å"c. c. † Mr. I’d like to ask u few Qs. about ur health in the past, is that ok? Mr. now I’d like to ask u few Qs. bout ur habits, is that ok? Now I’d like to ask u few personal Qs. I assure u that all info. Will be kept confed. ok? Now, let me ask u few Qs. about health of your family members, ok? Does any body in ur family have any med. Conditions? Mr. thank u. I am done e history, let me summarize for it, As u mentioned, u have †¦.. Do u have any Qs. for me? Mr. Now I need to examine u. may I proceed? But 1st let me wash my hands. Ok? Mr. Thank u for ur cooperation. I am done e phys. Exam let me give my impression. Based on ur Hx & my PE, it seems that u might have†¦.. ut it could be something else/ †¦or†¦, so to arrive at right D, I ‘ll run some tests & order imaging studies such as †¦.. once I’ve result we’ll meet again discuss various ttt. Options. – Do u have any Qs. for me? SHAKE HANDS & LEAVE ROOM 10 [email  protected] com HISTORY HPI: OB/GYN: LMP†¦, regular periods every†¦.. Weeks ,lasting†¦.. Days. Menarche at age†¦ Uncomplicated NSVD at full term.. Years ago. ROS: negative except as above. Allergies: NKDA Medications: none PMH: PSH: SH: smoke /alcohol / illicit drugs/sex / job /exercise FH: noncontributory PHYSICAL EXAM Patient is in no acute distress OR looks .. anxious,tired, †¦) ( The source of information is the patient’s mother. the mother of a †¦. -month/year-old female/male c/o her child having †¦.. ) VS: WNL (except for temp. Of †¦) HEENT: NC/AT, PERRLA, no conjunctival pallor. No fundoscopic abnormalities. Nose,mouth and pharynx WNL Neck: Supple, No LAD, thyroid normal, no carotid bruits. Chest: no tenderness, clear breath sounds bilaterally. Heart: RRR, normal S1/S2, no murmurs, rubs or gallops Abdomen: soft, non-tender, non-distended, +BS, no guarding, no hepatosplenomegally Extremities: no edema, normal DTR in lower extremities Skin: no rash Neuro:MMSE: AOx3, spells backward, recalls 3 objects, Cranial nerves: 2-12 grossly intact, Motor: strength 5/5 throughout -sensory: intact to soft touch and pinprick, DTR: symmetric 2+ in all extremities (or lower extremities), – Babinski bilateral, Gait: normal, Cerebellar: – Romberg, rapid alternating movement and heel to chin test normal and symm etric 11 [email  protected] com UWShort UWLong 1 16-31-37 2 1-13-1925-35-39 24 25 4-5-1822-24 29 15 28 20 21-40 12 7 43 10 FA Full 19 1-2 38 6 3 FA Mini CASE 23-24 Urine problem Alcoholism 19 Abd pain Heel pain Chest pain 13 8 31 5 6 7 4 6-26 10 38 42 34 11 UL pain 31 Shoulder pain 21 Knee pain 27 32 Back pain 37 Calf pain Vomiting â€Å"adult† 18 Vomiting â€Å"child-TEL† 7-8 33 Fever â€Å"child† 5-28 20-22 Diarrhea Rectal bleeding Constipation 9 Night sweat 21 Hemoptysis 9-10-40 12 Chronic cough 15-16-17 8 Fatigue 15 Wt loss 16 Wt gain 17 dysphagia 18 1 Headache 3 Depression 4 psychosis Anxiety Seizure –new onset Amenorrhea Menopause 25 26 Menstrual problems 26 Vaginal discharge 12 [email  protected] com 12 23 13 30 9 33 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 12 36 13 27 23 6 2 22 41 30 36 41 3 17 32 34 14 11 39 30 14 15 30 10 5 7 6 27 28 14 8 32 27 29 11 2 [email  protected] com 35 33 26 31 4 29 29 11 25 34 Forgetfulness Frequent falls DM New DM drug refill BA drug refill HTN drug refill HIV drug refill Vaginal bleeding Obesity Spells â€Å"LOC† Terminal cancer Confusion Tremors Pre-employment Domestic violence Sexual assault Insomnia Dizziness Numbness-weakness Jaundice â€Å"adult† Jaundice â€Å"Neonate† Enuresis Palpitations SOB Smoking cessation Hallucinations +ve Pregnancy test Pain with sex MVA Sore throat Difficult swallowing Hearing loss Blurred vision Erectile dysfunction Behavioral problem â€Å"child† Skin rash 3 FA cases GIT Trauma Resp Cardio Ped Neuro Endo Psych Renal ObGyn Pain DM/HTN Jaundice Fever Fatigue 1-2-5-11 3-21-27-31-37-38 4-9-10-41 6-20 7-8-28-30-36-39-40 12-14-18-22-23-29 13-24 15-16-17-34-35 19 25-26-32-33 FA cases 1-2-3-21-38-6-27-37 13-20-36 11-39 7-8 15-16-17 14 [email  protected] com

Monday, September 16, 2019

The Paralegal Career and Why

When I first thought about becoming a paralegal, I was in working for a Trust and Probate attorney who also had a Title company. I enjoyed the data gathering, research, meeting people and understanding their needs and helping them find peace of mind. I had also just become interested in John Grisham novels, which, granted, does not truly represent the legal field in the most correct light, but they are legal thrillers nonetheless.For some reason the combination of these two things made me think about pursuing a career in the legal field. I knew for certain that I did not want to go to law school, since I was a Mom with a lot of responsibility. I took an on-line course to become a legal assistant. However, when we moved, I had to change my career as I was offered a very challenging position in the insurance field. I studied to get my California Life, Health, Long Term Care, Property and Casualty licenses. Then my job required me to get my Series 7 and 66.These were all on-lines classe s, they were convenient and could be obtained around my work schedule. I am a classroom-oriented person. So, when I was laid off, I concluded that this was my chance to get back into the legal field and a paralegal would be a happy medium. In the meantime, my son graduated from law school and passed the California Bar. I now find myself wanting a job in a local law firm. So here I am now, writing a paper on the career that I now find myself eagerly pursuing.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Butterfly corp Essay

1. Prioritizing the issues that Butterfly needs to deal with are, that in Puerto Rico suppliers mistreat their workers, retailers in some countries were diluting the products and selling them as full strength, some plant employees were suffering pay cuts while others were not. Employees that have worked at Butterfly for many years were having their hours cut to 36-hour workweeks, losing their full-time benefits. There are also political alliances being formed among marketing, finance, manufacturing, and corporate headquarters. Each plant operates as an independent profit-making entity. Butterfly’s workers tended to be women; children were being left to fend for themselves. In some Latin American countries, husbands were angry because their wives earned more than they did, corporate people at Butterfly are mostly men. I think implementing an ethics program can address these issues by showing all suppliers, employees, even the corporate heads that this company stands for what is right, and they want to bring the company back to core values and good ethics. I believe for the most part all these issues that Butterfly is suffering are all ethical issues. If everyone in the company, even foreign companies, know that there will be a new ethics committee and that every company will be expected to follow this set of ethical guidelines, will help get this company back on track. Either the companies will follow the new set of ethical guidelines or be penalized, or they may want to close down. Unfortunately, it is more difficult to control foreign companies because our ethics in the United States are completely different. 2. I think that the new ethics committee should have a wide array of people. I think it should have a representative from each continent that has a Butterfly, both men and woman with different areas of expertise. I think the committee’s first steps toward implementing an effective ethics program should be to communicate these new ethical standards. Explain why they are needed and how the company will implement them. Then put a high-level employee in to oversee all aspects of the new ethics program. All companies need to educate and train all employees about the new program. The new ethics program needs to be monitored and there needs to be reporting of all aspects, if something is found, there needs to be proper discipline. I think that there needs to be a way for all employees to respond to any changes being made and let supervisors know. 3. Yes, I believe that the new ethics committee should commission an ethics audit. How would they know if  all the companies are conforming to the new ethical program without doing an audit? This will also show them if the others can conform to new ethical standards and if more discipline needs to be implemented. Should the new ethics committee commission an ethics audit? If yes, when should the audit be conducted? If no, why not

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Comparative study between commencement addresses

By analyzing texture of speech and choice of content, we will observe that though the speakers are early Identical In age, choice of career and professional status; there Is disparity In the personae projected and ultimately the message delivered by them. The message in Jobs' speech (Stanford university News, 2005) was to encourage the students to not be afraid to do what they love, and he arrived at this point by lugubriously narrating three stories of adversity from his life.Gates' speech (Harvard gazette, 2007) In contrast was aimed to inspire the students to strive to reduce Inequity In the world, which he achieved by humorously recounting his exploits at Harvard and his thoughts on inequity. We notice here that despite similar situational influences, the two men try to present antithetic images of themselves by the tone of their speech and also by carefully filtering which aspects of their life they disclose (Leary, M. R. , & Allen, A. B. , 2011, p. 1199).The first major differe nce is the tone of the speech; Jobs opts for a very solemn approach with few humorous departures while Gates Is very liberal in his use of humor which In fact forms a very Integral part of the first half of his speech. The second difference Is the kind of content In the speeches; Gates shares his thoughts on inequity, the journey of his arrival at this epiphany and his thoughts on how the problem could be tackled while Jobs divulges very personal stories about his adoption, getting fired from Apple and being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.Due to the fact that Jobs' speech contains more elements personal to himself, we see a very clear congruence of animator, author and principle and as a result his speech seems more authentic as compared to Gates' speech (Montgomery, 2001 , p. 00). We discern this from the sense of passion and honesty which permeates throughout Jobs' address, and the fact that he divulges stories of some of the lowest points in his life.This is a clear attempt to break free of the impression of himself as an ultra-successful businessman in the audience eyes, and instead replace that image with a more human one so that the audience can fully appreciate the struggles of his life and the truth about his success. As such we see that Gates seems more open to audience Interaction while Jobs seems to be In a ore pensive and distant mood which is apparent in both his vocalic and gestures.We can observe this distant mood of Jobs speech most clearly in his gestures, more specifically in his gaze and pause, because sentences are rarely uttered in a behavioral vacuum (Tim Wharton, 2009, p. 1). During Gates' speech we see that he is very responsive to audience reaction, in that he always and looks up at the audience to accommodate for their applause.By contrast Jobs does not take this approach, he feature of the speech ties into the previous two we have discussed, and contributes o the personae that they are trying to project; Jobs' being that of a solem n successful tech-enthusiast while Gates' is that of a humorous successful philanthropist. These personae that they have constructed over the course of the speech are not superficial to the speech, but in fact play an important role in fulfilling the respective purposes of their speeches. The main aim of any commencement address is to inspire the audience in some way, be it to bring about a change in their lives or a change in the oral.Both Jobs and Gates have achieved the objective of inspiring the audience, but we have seen that they went about it very differently. Since Gates' message is one of global proportions, he uses his fame and background as a philanthropist to convey his message and this is why the content of his message is structured around humor, but in contrast Jobs' message is personal to each individual and so we see that in his speech he tries to be more personal himself to elicit the kind of response he wants.

Friday, September 13, 2019

Human Resource Management, Performance Management Assignment

Human Resource Management, Performance Management - Assignment Example An efficient reward system is linked with the system of performance development, which relies on the performance related pay and also offers sufficient role in encouraging the performance of teams, groups, and individuals. Variable pay also plays an important part in boosting performance basically of star performers rather than fixed pay packages. Not many award practices may take the shape of bonuses, gain sharing, team-based motivation, ESOP’s, profit sharing, and also equity-based incentive rewards. 1 An effective management of award system may be advantageous for the performance of employees in many ways. First of all, it will instill an ownership sense amongst all the employees and may also give long-term focus with continual enhancement, lessens service operating costs, highlights teamwork, and reduces the dissatisfaction among employees and improved employee interest in company’s financial position. Only some organizations award their employees for achieving new skills which may adjoin value to the performance of employees and therefore facilitate the process of cross training, job rotation, and self managed work teams. Some organizations also recognize the additional performance by giving recognition rewards and also huge merit rewards for the employee commitment and achieving long-term advantageous outcomes.2 Performance management is a systematic process through which any organization involves its people as individuals and also as members of group, in enhancing the effectiveness of organization in achievement of the firm’s goals and mission. The performance of employee management includes consistently monitoring the performance, planning setting and work expectations, developing performance capacity, and also occasionally rating the performance in a summary fashion. It also considers rewards for good performance. In 1955, there were revisions made by the Government for performance appraisal and also for rewards regulations to bolster the sound management principles.

Thursday, September 12, 2019

Week 3-peer's comment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 3-peer's comment - Assignment Example Maggie provides the characteristics of Usonian architecture. Key is its application in making homes affordable to the common man. Simple and organic, the architecture utilizes simple natural materials. The post fails to link the two styles of architecture. Notably, the Usonian style is a simplification of the Prairie style architecture. Diandra provides a simple yet cohesive analysis of the prairie style. The post links the prairie style with Wright’s vision of making a building part of the environment. Specifically, Diandra acknowledges the characteristics of the style. The mention of the building’s interior provides further insight into the style. The post mentions the primary role of the fireplace in the style. Moreover, Diandra mentions carefully the style’s incorporation of open plan layouts that replaces â€Å"isolated rooms† with â€Å"interwoven spaces† (Roth, 306). The Ward W. Willits house serves as an example of the style. However, detail lacks in describing the house specifically. Diandra links the two style by acknowledging their similarity. Moreover, the post sees the Usonian version as a simpler version of the Prairie style. However, it is necessary to mention the specific details eliminated in the Usonian style. These include the garage and the basement. The post m entions the Jacob’s House as a prime example of this

Wednesday, September 11, 2019

Response to a newspaper editorial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Response to a newspaper editorial - Essay Example On the contrary, Steve Jobs and his counterparts know what other parents do not - the dangers of technology – and for that reason, they ensure their families and technology are worlds apart. Parents and kids, particularly those who use the iPad, would find this article very useful. Perhaps there is the need for a rethinking on this subject. The explosive growth of digital devices and smartphones is transforming the lives of children, at home and in school. Research reveals that even the youngest children are present online, using smartphones and tablets, and downloading apps. Consumer Reports published last year reveal that over 7.5 million children in America under age 13 are using Facebook, which technically requires all users to be 13 years and above to be eligible to open an account. Nobody has an idea on what technology and media use will mean for children as they grow up. Pawlowski’s does not directly hit at the iPads for children, but her major concern is that children are more prone to mess up with the devices if not supervised. In essence, she argues that technology is not evil for children as Steve Jobs portrays in his stringent measures against the use of the devices back at home, but parents should keenly monitor and regulate the same. Her strongest evidence to support this position lies in the recommendations tabled by the American Academy for Pediatrics, in which children and teenagers should not spend more than two hours a day using the gadgets and that children under two years should be allowed half an hour daily so long as the activity is one that engages them. Precisely, parents should ration technology use similar to the administration of a balanced diet. Only this way will the children enjoy the benefits of digital technology in a healthy way. This trend calls for intensified supervision by parents to realize its effectiveness. The problem with the recommendation above is that parents are