Ib Biology Hl

Is the neuronal pathway significantly longer for a visual stimulus or a sound stimulus (or a cart stimulus) Data collection and processing Table 1a Data collected by canful Rha and Arthur Hamilton by dropping pattern for calculation of space of the flighty pathways (Visual, Auditory and Sensual) trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) (cm0. 1cm) (cm0. 1cm) (cm0. 1cm) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 1 43. 9 24. 1 33. 1 34. 6 50. 1 50. 5 2 73. 7 45. 6 66. 1 49. 2 29. 2 75. 2 3 47. 4 31 80. 2 25. 3 54. 4 41 4 32 24. 7 23. 1 39. 6 25. 6 47. 4 5 23. 5 29. 32. 9 35. 1 26. 2 30. 8 6 38. 6 27. 6 47. 6 34. 7 40. 6 49. 5 7 37. 9 20. 9 56 21. 7 41. 5 40. 2 8 28. 2 22. 7 24 57 29. 1 62 9 39. 9 62 43. 6 87. 2 30. 6 35. 4 10 23. 6 30. 5 49. 3 44. 4 44. 2 78. 2 11 58. 4 26. 2 66. 8 24. 2 41. 9 84. 3 12 40 32. 7 21. 1 36. 1 14. 2 21 13 55. 5 20. 2 61. 7 15. 1 61 41. 3 14 39. 6 32. 2 46. 9 28. 58 65 24. 8 15 46. 1 18. 1 61. 7 55 45. 9 22. 3 Table 1b Calculations of the reply ti mes the meter stick fell Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 0. 299319 0. 221774 0. 259906 0. 26573 0. 319758 0. 321032 2 0. 387825 0. 305059 0. 367285 0. 316872 0. 244114 0. 391752 3 0. 311022 0. 251526 0. 404566 0. 227228 0. 333197 0. 289264 4 0. 255551 0. 224518 0. 217124 0. 284282 0. 228571 0. 311022 5 0. 218996 0. 243696 0. 259119 0. 267643 0. 231234 0. 250713 6 0. 28067 0. 237332 0. 311677 0. 266113 0. 287849 0. 317837 7 0. 278113 0. 206526 0. 338062 0. 210442 0. 291022 0. 286428 8 0. 239898 0. 215236 0. 221313 0. 341067 0. 243696 0. 355711 9 0. 285357 0. 355711 0. 298294 0. 421852 0. 249898 0. 68784 10 0. 219461 0. 249489 0. 317194 0. 301019 0. 30034 0. 399489 11 0. 34523 0. 231234 0. 369224 0. 222234 0. 292421 0. 414778 12 0. 285714 0. 258331 0. 207512 0. 271429 0. 170234 0. 20702 13 0. 336549 0. 203038 0. 35485 0. 175546 0. 352831 0. 29032 14 0. 284282 0. 256348 0. 309377 0. 241509 0. 364216 0. 224972 15 0. 306727 0. 192195 0 . 35485 0. 33503 0. 306061 0. 213331 Table 1c Calculations of the length ( blank) of neural pathway Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 1 2993. 19 2217. 739 2599. 58 2657. 296 3197. 576 3210. 315 2 3878. 249 3050. 594 3672. 846 3168. 725 2441. 144 3917. 517 3 3110. 22 2515. 26 4045. 658 2272. 282 3331. 973 2892. 637 4 2555. 506 2245. 176 2171. 241 2842. 821 2285. 714 3110. 22 5 2189. 959 2436. 96 2591. 194 2676. 428 2312. 345 2507. 133 6 2806. 698 2373. 321 3116. 775 2661. 134 2878. 492 3178. 371 7 2781. 132 2065. 262 3380. 617 2104. 417 2910. 221 2864. 277 8 2398. 979 2152. 36 2213. 133 3410. 668 2436. 96 3557. 114 9 2853. 569 3557. 114 2982. 945 4218. 521 2498. 979 2687. 841 10 2194. 613 2494. 93 3171. 943 3010. 187 3003. 399 3994. 895 11 3452. 299 2312. 345 3692. 242 2222. 336 2924. 213 4147. 78 12 2857. 143 2583. 306 2075. 12 2714. 286 1702. 339 2070. 197 13 3365. 491 2030. 381 3548. 498 1755. 458 3528. 311 2903. 2 14 2842. 821 256 3. 48 3093. 773 2415. 089 3642. 157 2249. 717 15 3067. 273 1921. 946 3548. 498 3350. 297 3060. 612 2133. 312 Table 2a Average distance of neural pathway Trial Visual Auditory(Sound) Sensual(Pressure) John Arthur John Arthur John Arthur 2889. 8 2434. 7 3060. 2 2765. 3 2810. 3 3028. 3 Conclusion and evaluationThe objective of this audition was to determine the distances of neural pathways and to discover if there are any significant differences betwixt Visual, Auditory and Sensual neural pathway distances. The distance of each neural pathway includes and displays the following procedures. Ex) Visual stimulus First, your eye sees the ruler. Then, your eye sends a message to the visual, stimulus cortex, which sends a message to the motor cortex. The motor cortex sends a message to the spinal cord. The spinal cord sends a message to the muscles in your hand and fingers. Finally, your muscles contract to allow you to catch the ruler.Johns data shows that there were no significant diff erences. However, Arthurs data shows that the neural pathway for pressure stimulus is significantly longer than the pathway for visual stimulus. This is shown by the calculated pathway length and the t-test performed. Calculation The algorithm to calculate the reaction speed isd = vt + ? at? where d = distance in meters v = initial velocity = 0 a = acceleration due to gravity = 9. 81m/s? t = time in seconds We need to manipulated = vt + ? at? to give us an algorithm fort Asv= 0 thenvt= 0 therefore the algorithm ist = sqrt(2d/a) Example d = 43. 9cm = sqrt((2 ? 43. 9 ? 9. 8)) t = 0. 299 seconds (sigfig) 0. 299319*10000(m to cm)=2993. 2cm or 29. 932m The calculated distance for Arthurs Visual stimulus was 2434. 7cm, which was much shorter than the pressure stimulus length of 3028. 3cm or the auditory stimulus length of 2765. 3cm. The t-tests performed showed that there were no significant differences for Johns data, but Arthurs data showed that the three sets of data were all significa ntly different. One huge weakness of this lab was that John and Arthurs reach were not the same distance away from the ruler for every trial. This could have led to incorrect data ollection. There was another weakness when we were collecting the pressure stimulus, because the ruler fell more slowly due to the friction between the palm and the ruler, giving the appearance of a faster reaction time. Also, the auditory reaction time was higher than the visual reaction time because the voice of the other person was not perfectly in time. Another reason for this is that it had lots of unevenness when the person commanded the other person to Go Our group could have attached another ruler on the sidewall to ensure a constant distance between the hand and the dropping point.Therefore, to improve this lab, we have to keep the distance between the hand and ruler constant for all trials. Also, when the person says Go it also takes reaction time from his brain to his fingers to drop the rul er and from his brain to his oral muscles to speak Go Therefore, to improve this lab, we need to use an electronic device that can mechanically drop the ruler with a short beep sound. To decrease friction, we need to use a simple grabbing tool like tweezers instead of just grabbing with our hand, which creates slew or friction depending on the hands condition (wet or dry).